![]() Formation of synovial fluid ( synovia) through the joint capsule mucosa.External closure of the intraarticular space, resulting in the formation of a closed articular cavity.Envelope surrounding the joint that consists of an outer fibrous membrane and inner synovial membrane.Enables bones to articulate with each other.Space between articulating bones that is filled with synovial fluid ( synovia) and is several millimeters in width.The resilience of cartilage protects the subchondral bones against mechanical stress.Enables low friction sliding and rotational motion in the joint.Layer of hyaline cartilage covering the articular surface of bones.Articulating bones are connected to one another via articular surfaces.Surface of articulating bone that is covered with articular cartilage.Concave end of bone in which the articular head moves.Joint motion is determined by how the body of the joint is shaped.Convex end of bone that moves within a socket joint. ![]() Depending on the type of tissue connecting the articular surfaces, synarthroses are further classified into four types: syndesmoses, synchondroses, symphyses, and synostoses. Synarthroses ( fibrous joints) are immovable and connected by thick connective tissue. ![]() Examples of synovial joints include hinge joints, saddle joints, plane joints, and ball and socket joints. The range and axes of motion of a synovial joint are determined by the shape of its constituent parts. Diarthroses ( synovial joints) are freely movable and consist of elements (e.g., intraarticular space, synovial fluid, joint capsule) that allow low-friction movements between opposing articular surfaces and supporting structures (e.g., ligaments, menisci, articular discs). They can be grouped according to their structure (synovial, cartilaginous, and fibrous joints) or their degree of mobility ( diarthroses and synarthroses). Joints are structures in the musculoskeletal system that regulate the type and range of motion between two or more adjacent bones, enabling body parts to move harmoniously.
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